Compliance with ISO-Standards

Compliance with Standards: ISO 8559 and ISO 7250 in the Scannery Measurement Framework

Background and Rationale

The anthropometric workflow of Scannery was developed for applications in the textile and apparel sector. Therefore, our primary standard for body measurements is ISO 8559, the internationally recognized specification for anthropometric definitions in relation to pattern construction, grading rules, size determination, and fit analysis. ISO 8559 defines anatomical reference points, measurement planes, and procedures as used in the apparel industry. It therefore provides the most relevant and consistent basis for extracting precise measurements from 3D body scans for fashion and made to measure applications.

In addition to ISO 8559, we reference ISO 7250, which focuses on fundamental body dimensions for ergonomic analysis and human product interaction. Although the measurement catalog of ISO 7250 overlaps in many areas with ISO 8559, for example body height, chest circumference, and shoulder width, its emphasis is more strongly on ergonomics than apparel. We therefore use ISO 7250 only for measurements that are not defined or not fully described in ISO 8559, or where the ergonomic definition provides a more stable anatomical reference.

Below is the list of some measurements extracted by “Scannery Basic Measurements,” together with the closest corresponding equivalent from ISO 8559 or ISO 7250. Some measurements without an ISO equivalent are marked as Custom.

The following structure follows the commonly used systematic approach in anthropometric data collection. First, all girth measurements are listed, as they form the primary basis for size determination, pattern construction, and fit analysis in the apparel sector. This is followed by body reference points and vertical measurements, then distances measured along the skin surface, and finally linear distance measurements between defined landmarks. This order ensures a clear methodological distinction between girth measurements, height measurements, and distance measurements, and facilitates standard compliant alignment with ISO 8559 and ISO 7250.

Girth Measurements

Scannery Measurement: Neck circumference

ISO Equivalent: Neck girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Circumference of the neck, measured just below the prominence of the thyroid cartilage and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck.

Scannery Measurement: Neck base circumference

ISO Equivalent: Neck base girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1 / ISO 7250 1

Description: Circumference at the base of the neck, measured over the posterior and anterior neck reference points along the neck base line.

Scannery Measurement: Horizontal chest circumference

ISO Equivalent: Chest circumference

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Horizontal body circumference at the level of maximum chest prominence.

Scannery Measurement: Underbust circumference

ISO Equivalent: Under bust girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Horizontal circumference measured directly below the bust, perpendicular to the longitudinal body axis.

Scannery Measurement: Waist circumference

ISO Equivalent: Waist girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Horizontal circumference at the natural waist between the lowest rib and the iliac crest.

Scannery Measurement: Upper hip circumference

ISO Equivalent: High hip girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Horizontal circumference between the waist and the maximum hip prominence.

Scannery Measurement: Hip circumference / Seat circumference

ISO Equivalent: Hip girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Horizontal circumference at the level of the greatest posterior buttock protrusion.

Scannery Measurement: Maximum hip circumference

ISO Equivalent: Maximum hip girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Largest horizontal circumference in the hip and buttock region.

Scannery Measurement: Maximum abdomen circumference

ISO Equivalent: None

Standard: Custom

Description: Largest horizontal circumference in the abdominal region, determined within the defined waist and hip segment.

Scannery Measurement: Right lower arm circumference

ISO Equivalent: Lower arm girth

Standard: ISO 7250 1

Description: Circumference of the right forearm at the midpoint between elbow and wrist.

Scannery Measurement: Upper arm circumference

ISO Equivalent: Upper arm girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Circumference of the upper arm directly below the arm root with the arm hanging relaxed.

Scannery Measurement: Right elbow circumference

ISO Equivalent: Elbow girth

Standard: ISO 7250 1

Description: Horizontal circumference around the right elbow joint at elbow point level.

Scannery Measurement: wrist circumference

ISO Equivalent: Wrist girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1 / ISO 7250 1

Description: Circumference of the right wrist at wrist point level.

Scannery Measurement: Right thigh circumference

ISO Equivalent: Thigh girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Largest horizontal circumference of the right thigh below the gluteal fold.

Scannery Measurement: Mid thigh circumference right

ISO Equivalent: None

Standard: Custom

Description: Horizontal circumference of the right thigh halfway between crotch point and knee point.

Scannery Measurement: Right knee circumference

ISO Equivalent: Knee girth

Standard: ISO 7250 1

Description: Horizontal circumference directly above the knee joint.

Scannery Measurement: Circumference below right knee

ISO Equivalent: Lower knee girth

Standard: ISO 7250 1

Description: Horizontal circumference immediately below the knee joint.

Scannery Measurement: Right calf circumference

ISO Equivalent: Calf girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Largest horizontal circumference of the right calf.

Scannery Measurement: Right ankle circumference

ISO Equivalent: Ankle girth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Horizontal circumference at the narrowest point above the bony ankle prominences.

Body Reference Points and Heights

Scannery Measurement: Body height

ISO Equivalent: Stature

Standard: ISO 7250 1 / ISO 8559 1

Description: Vertical distance from the top of the head to the floor in standing posture.

Scannery Measurement: Back neck base point / Cervicale

ISO Equivalent: Cervicale

Standard: ISO 8559 1 / ISO 7250 1

Description: Most posterior prominent point of the seventh cervical vertebra, projected onto the skin surface.

Scannery Measurement: Right side neck point

ISO Equivalent: Side neck point

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Intersection of the neck base line with the right lateral neck contour.

Scannery Measurement: Front neck point

ISO Equivalent: Front neck point

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Anterior intersection of the neck base line with the front neck contour.

Scannery Measurement: Back armpit fold point

ISO Equivalent: Armpit back fold point

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Posterior fold point of the right axilla at armhole line level.

Scannery Measurement: Right bust point

ISO Equivalent: Bust point

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Most anterior protruding point of the right breast.

Scannery Measurement: Shoulder point / Acromion

ISO Equivalent: Acromion

Standard: ISO 7250 1

Description: Lateral reference point of the right shoulder at the acromial process, projected onto the skin surface.

Scannery Measurement: Right wrist point

ISO Equivalent: Wrist point

Standard: ISO 8559 1 / ISO 7250 1

Description: Most prominent bony point at the wrist on the ulnar side.

Scannery Measurement: Waist point

ISO Equivalent: Waist point

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Laterally defined reference point of the natural waist, determined as the narrowest point between the lowest rib and iliac crest.

Scannery Measurement: Inside leg length / Crotch height

ISO Equivalent: Inside leg length

Standard: ISO 8559 1 / ISO 7250 1

Description: Vertical distance from the inner leg root to the floor.

Distances Along the Skin Surface

Scannery Measurement: Upper arm length

ISO Equivalent: Upper arm length

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Curved distance along the skin surface from shoulder point to elbow point.

Scannery Measurement: Outer arm length

ISO Equivalent: Arm length

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Curved distance along the skin surface from the left shoulder point over the elbow point to the left wrist point with arm hanging relaxed.

Scannery Measurement: Back length to hip level

ISO Equivalent: No direct ISO equivalent

Standard: Custom

Description: Vertical distance along the back line from the back neck reference point to the defined hip level.

Scannery Measurement: Shoulder width over neck reference point

ISO Equivalent: Across back shoulder width

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Curved distance along the body surface from left shoulder point over the back neck reference point to right shoulder point.

Scannery Measurement: Back width

ISO Equivalent: Across back width

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Horizontal distance between left and right posterior arm root points at defined back width level.

Scannery Measurement: Back length seventh cervical vertebra to waist

ISO Equivalent: Back neck point to waist

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Curved distance along the back surface from back neck reference point to waist point.

Linear Distance Measurements Through the Body

Scannery Measurement: Shoulder line side neck point to acromion

ISO Equivalent: Shoulder line

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Linear distance between side neck point and shoulder point at the acromion.

Scannery Measurement: Shoulder diameter / Shoulder breadth / Biacromial

ISO Equivalent: Biacromial breadth

Standard: ISO 7250 1

Description: Distance between left and right shoulder points at the acromion.

Scannery Measurement: Seat width

ISO Equivalent: Hip breadth

Standard: ISO 8559 1

Description: Maximum horizontal distance between the laterally most protruding points of the hip contour.

Extensibility Through Parametric Measurement Model

Scannery’s measurement computation is based on a parametric and algorithmic model rather than a fixed set of landmarks. This allows any measurement to be calculated as long as it can be defined via anatomical landmarks, surface curves, or planar cross sections.

Due to this architecture:

• Every measurement listed above can be directly generated and is based on ISO defined planes and landmarks.

• If a project requires additional or new measurements, for example for technical workwear, protective equipment, or innovative garment constructions, these can be added with minimal implementation effort.

New measurements can be defined through

• Additional landmarks

• User defined measurement planes

• Or derived values from existing geometry

This ensures full flexibility and long term scalability for research, apparel engineering, and ergonomic applications.